Class 9 NCERT Solutions Civics Chapter 2: Constitutional Design

Students should answer this question on their own based on how did their school celebrate the Constitution Day on November 26^th.

1. Though I would acknowledge many good things were learnt from the British rulers and democracy being one of them,I wouldn't say that democracy was a gift given by them. Indians had to struggle a lot and make many sacrifices to attain freedom from the British rule. These circumstances helped people to gain the experience and training in working of the legislative institutions.
2. Yes, Free India could not be anything but democratic because the people had already suffered a lot under the British rule. This made them realise that for people to have a say in ruling the country, it was necessary to make India a democratic country.
3. It is indeed true that we were lucky to have leaders who had deep democratic values. It is because of these ideals that India's freedom struggle can be considered as the only example of a bloodless freedom struggle in the contemporary history. Therefore, absence of such ideals has made many countries undemocratic.

The given paragraph does not reflect the underlying value in our Constitution. It refers to the patriarchal views and endorses the thought of inequality in genders.

It goes against the constitutional values because in the paragraph women are shown as inferior, unequal as weak and fragile who should serve men. However, the Constitution has provided equal rights to women. They enjoy the right to vote, can take up any job and are paid equal wages for the same work.

1. Not true. An ordinary law is passed by the Parliament and can be changed by it on its own will. On the other hand, the rules of the Constitution have greater authority and the Parliament has to abide by them. For amending these rules, a special procedure has to be adopted.
2. True. The Constitution has laid down the framework for the government formation. It has put in place the structure, power and functions of the three organs of the government, i.e. executive, legislative and judiciary.
3. True. The rights of the citizens are laid down in the Constitution as fundamental rights, which are enforceable by law. The powers and functions of the government are divided into the executive, legislative and judiciary. It is done to keep each organ under check by the other organs to ensure power functioning of the government.
4. Not True. The Constitution is the supreme law of the country. It lays down the composition powers and functions of the various institutions of government. The Constitution is guided by values which are found in the form of Preamble. Principles and values such as equality, liberty, fraternity, brotherhood, secularism and justice are included in the Preamble of the Constitution.

1. Leaders of the freedom movement had an open mind about the country being democratic after independence.
2. Members of the Constituent Assembly of India had different ideas on all provisions of the Constitution. They arrived at a solution only after long discussions and debates and a consensus was reached.
3. It is not necessary that a country having a constitution must be a democracy. The constitution of a country can even make provisions for dictatorship or monarchy. Examples: Soviet Union and Pakistan.
4. A Constitution can be amended to keep up with the changes in aspirations of the society. It can also be changed keeping in mind the social, political and economic conditions of the country.

c. Between the white majority and the black minority

b. Name of the head of the state.

1. The expression 'not wholly or in full measure' in the first sentence was used by Nehru because he thought that the task they had undertaken was incomplete and it wasn't possible to fulfil the pledges all at once but would be gradually fulfilled.
2. The pledge that he wanted the makers of the Indian Constitution to take was to dedicate their lives to the service of India, Indians and humanity at large.
3. He was referring to Mahatma Gandhi.