Class 10 NCERT Solutions Geography Chapter 7: Lifelines of National Economy
Lifelines of National Economy Exercise 82
Solution 1
(i) (b) Silcher and Porbandar
(ii) (c) Pipeline
(iii) (b) Maharashtra
(iv) (d) Vishakhapatnam
(v) (b) Railways
(vi) (b) International trade
Solution 2
(a) Three merits of roadways are:
- Construction costs of roads is much lower than that of railway lines
- Roadways provide ‘door to door’ services
- Roads can be built even on irregular and dissected lands
(ii) It is in the Indian northern plains that rail transport is the most convenient means of transportation. Since the northern plains are large tracts of leveled land, it is easier to lay down railway lines. Further, the high density of population in the region and rich agricultural resources makes railways a preferable means of transport in the region.
(iii) Border roads have strategic importance as they connect borders of the country to nearby villages and cities. They are also important for maintaining the security of the country. Further, they also play a major role in the development of the border regions.
(iv) Exchange of goods and services for economic gain is known as trade. Trade between different regions in the same country is called local trade.When movement of goods and services takes place between two or more countries, it is termed as international trade.
Solution 3
(i)The means of transportation and communication are called the lifelines of a nation and its economy because these are pre requisite for the economic development of the country. Transportation connects one part of the country to the other part. This helps in movement of goods and people from one region to the other. Industries cannot manufacture goods if the raw materials and finished goods are not transported from one place to the other. Agriculture also depends greatly on transportation as the grains needed to be transported to the market places.
Development of various means of communication has been one of the major factors which have facilitated the process of globalisation. Telecommunication systems and internet has helped in the development of trade and business activites.
(ii) Trade between two or more countries is known as international trade. Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. In last fifteen years, international trade among various countries has increased significantly in the field of exchange of information and knowledge. Export and import of commodities and goods has been superseded by the exchange of information, knowledge and technology.
India has trade relations with most of the countries in the world. Her share of international trade has been on an increase in last few years. In the year 2010-11, India mainly exported agricultural and allied products (9.9% of the total exports), gems and jewellery (14.7%) and petroleum products including coal (16.8%). Petroleum and petroleum products, pearls and precious stones, coal, coke and machinery are some important items of import.
In the last fifteen years, India has emerged as software giant at an international level. It has been earning foreign exchange through the export of information and technology.
